Silhouette animation is animation in which the characters are only visible as black silhouettes. This is usually accomplished by backlighting articulated cardboard cut-outs, though other methods exist.
One of the main and first pioneers of this technique was Lotte Reiniger, she created feature length films using this technique such as Cinderella, The Adventures of Prince Achmed, Dr. Dolittle and His Animals and The Chinese Nightingale.
Silhouette animation is most often created in black and white, with either a black paper or cardboard silhouette on a white backdrop, or a white silhouette on a black backdrop. In many ways this style of animation requires more finesse and skill, because it relies solely on motion, shape, pacing, timing, and music to convey emotion without the benefit of things like facial expressions.
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